Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tau siv los ua lag luam rau ntau tshaj 50 xyoo.Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev lag luam, lawv tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv high-end kev siv xws li aerospace thiab tiv thaiv.Raws li kev siv thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tau pib ua lag luam hauv kev lag luam sib txawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam xws li kev ua kis las, kev dav hlau dav hlau, tsheb, tsheb ciav hlau, dej hiav txwv, engineering thiab kev tsim kho.Txog tam sim no, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw (ob qho tib si raw khoom thiab kev tsim khoom) tau poob qis dua piv rau xyoo dhau los, tso cai rau lawv siv rau ntau qhov kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam.
Cov khoom siv sib xyaw yog sib xyaw ntawm fiber ntau thiab cov khoom siv cob hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem.Thaum cov resin matrix txiav txim siab qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, cov fibers ua raws li kev txhawb nqa kom ntxiv dag zog rau qhov sib xyaw.Qhov piv ntawm resin rau fiber ntau sib txawv nrog lub zog thiab nruj ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm Tier 1 los yog Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
Cov qauv thauj khoom tseem ceeb yuav tsum muaj ntau dua ntawm cov fibers piv rau cov khoom siv matrix, thaum cov qauv thib ob yuav tsum tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm cov fibers hauv cov matrix resin.Qhov no siv rau feem ntau kev lag luam, qhov piv ntawm resin rau fiber ntau nyob ntawm txoj kev tsim khoom.
Kev lag luam marine yacht tau dhau los ua lub zog tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb kev noj cov khoom sib xyaw, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua npuas ncauj.Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tau ntsib kev poob qis, nrog rau kev txhim kho nkoj qeeb thiab cov khoom muag nce.Qhov kev txo qis ntawm qhov kev thov no tuaj yeem yog vim cov neeg siv ceev faj, txo qis kev yuav khoom lub zog, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov peev txheej txwv kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam.Shipyards tseem tab tom hloov kho lawv cov khoom thiab cov tswv yim kev lag luam kom txo tau qhov poob.Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ntau lub nkoj me me tau raug yuam kom thim lossis tau txais vim qhov poob ntawm cov peev txheej ua haujlwm, tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev lag luam ib txwm muaj.Kev tsim cov yachts loj (> 35 ko taw) tau ntaus, thaum lub nkoj me (<24 ko taw) tau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom.
Vim li cas cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw?
Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw muaj ntau yam zoo dua hlau thiab lwm yam khoom siv, xws li ntoo, hauv kev tsim nkoj.Piv nrog rau cov hlau xws li hlau lossis txhuas, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm ib feem los ntawm 30 mus rau 40 feem pua.Qhov kev txo qis hauv qhov hnyav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig thib ob, xws li cov nqi khiav lag luam qis, qis qis hauv tsev cog khoom emissions thiab ntau dua roj efficiency.Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw kuj txo qhov hnyav ntxiv los ntawm kev tshem cov fasteners los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke.
Composites kuj muab cov neeg tsim nkoj tsim kev ywj pheej ntau dua, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom nrog cov duab nyuaj.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tau qis dua cov nqi ntawm lub neej yog tias ib qho piv rau cov ntaub ntawv sib tw vim lawv cov nqi kho qis thiab lawv cov kev teeb tsa thiab cov nqi sib dhos vim lawv cov corrosion kuj thiab durability kuj qis dua.Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov khoom sib xyaw tau txais kev lees paub ntawm cov nkoj OEMs thiab Tier 1 cov neeg xa khoom.
Marine composite
Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, ntau lub nkoj nkoj thiab Tier 1 cov chaw muag khoom tseem ntseeg tau tias ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yuav raug siv hauv cov nkoj nkoj hiav txwv.
Thaum cov nkoj loj dua yuav tsum siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua xws li carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), cov nkoj me me yuav yog tus tsav tsheb loj ntawm tag nrho cov kev thov rau marine composites.Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ntau lub yachts tshiab thiab catamarans, cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev, xws li Raws li carbon fiber / epoxy thiab polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, yog siv los ua hulls, keels, decks, transoms, rigs, bulkheads, stringers thiab masts, Tab sis cov superyachts los yog catamarans ua ib feem me me ntawm tag nrho cov nkoj xav tau.
Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, ntau lub nkoj nkoj thiab Tier 1 cov chaw muag khoom tseem ntseeg tau tias ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yuav raug siv hauv cov nkoj nkoj hiav txwv.
Thaum cov nkoj loj dua yuav tsum siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua xws li carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), cov nkoj me me yuav yog tus tsav tsheb loj ntawm tag nrho cov kev thov rau marine composites.Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ntau lub yachts tshiab thiab catamarans, cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev, xws li Raws li carbon fiber / epoxy thiab polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, yog siv los ua hulls, keels, decks, transoms, rigs, bulkheads, stringers thiab masts, Tab sis cov superyachts los yog catamarans ua ib feem me me ntawm tag nrho cov nkoj xav tau.
Tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm cov nkoj muaj xws li cov nkoj tsav tsheb (inboard, outboard thiab stern tsav), dav hlau nkoj, private watercraft thiab sailboats (yachts).
Cov nqi sib xyaw yuav nyob rau ntawm qhov kev nce siab, raws li cov nqi ntawm cov iav fibers, cov thermosets thiab cov thermoplastic resins yuav nce nrog cov nqi roj av thiab lwm cov nqi nkag.Txawm li cas los xij, cov nqi carbon fiber ntau xav tias yuav poob qis nyob rau yav tom ntej vim muaj peev xwm ntau lawm thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lwm qhov ua ntej.Tab sis nws tag nrho cov cuam tshuam rau marine composite nqi yuav tsis loj, raws li carbon fiber-reinforced plastics account rau tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm marine composites xav tau.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, iav fibers tseem yog cov khoom siv fiber ntau rau marine composites, thiab unsaturated polyesters thiab vinyl esters yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb polymer.Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tseem yuav tuav ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lag luam ua npuas ncauj.
Raws li kev txheeb cais, iav fiber reinforced composite cov ntaub ntawv (GFRP) account rau ntau tshaj 80% ntawm tag nrho cov kev thov rau marine composite cov ntaub ntawv, thaum ua npuas ncauj core cov ntaub ntawv account rau 15%.Cov so yog cov carbon fiber reinforced plastics, uas feem ntau yog siv hauv cov nkoj loj thiab cov kev siv cuam tshuam tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam niche.
Kev loj hlob marine composites kev lag luam tseem pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab thev naus laus zis.Marine composites cov chaw muag khoom tau pib ua qhov kev tshawb nrhiav rau kev tsim kho tshiab, qhia cov bio-resins tshiab, ntuj fibers, low-emission polyesters, low-pressure prepregs, cores thiab woven fiberglass cov ntaub ntawv.Nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev ua kom rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov ua dua tshiab, txo cov ntsiab lus styrene, thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab qhov zoo.
Post lub sij hawm: May-05-2022