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Cov iav microspheres hollowthiab lawv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke

Cov khoom siv khov kho uas muaj zog heev rau kev siv hauv dej hiav txwv feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv tswj kev ntab (hollow microspheres) thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj zog heev. Thoob ntiaj teb, cov khoom siv no ua tiav qhov ceev ntawm 0.4–0.6 g/cm³ thiab lub zog compressive ntawm 40–100 MPa, thiab tau siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom siv hauv dej hiav txwv. Hollow microspheres yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas muaj roj. Raws li lawv cov khoom siv sib xyaw, lawv feem ntau muab faib ua cov organic composite microspheres thiab inorganic composite microspheres. Kev tshawb fawb txog cov organic composite microspheres muaj ntau yam ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov ntawv ceeb toom suav nrog polystyrene hollow microspheres thiab polymethyl methacrylate hollow microspheres. Cov ntaub ntawv siv los npaj cov inorganic microspheres feem ntau suav nrog iav, ceramics, borates, carbon, thiab fly ash cenospheres.

Hollow Iav Microspheres: Kev Txhais thiab Kev Faib Tawm

Cov iav microspheres hollow yog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv inorganic non-metallic spherical micropowder nrog cov khoom zoo heev xws li qhov me me ntawm cov khoom me me, cov duab spherical, lub teeb yuag, rwb thaiv suab, rwb thaiv cua sov, tiv taus hnav, thiab tiv taus kub siab. Cov iav microspheres hollow tau siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv aerospace, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hydrogen, cov ntaub ntawv buoyancy khov kho, cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv cua sov, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, thiab cov xim thiab cov txheej txheem. Lawv feem ntau muab faib ua ob pawg:

① Cenospheres, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm SiO2 thiab hlau oxides, tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov tshauv ya uas tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm tsim hluav taws xob hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thermal. Txawm hais tias cenospheres pheej yig dua, lawv muaj qhov huv tsis zoo, qhov faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom me me feem ntau ntau dua 0.6 g / cm3, ua rau lawv tsis haum rau kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv buoyancy rau kev siv dej hiav txwv tob.

② Cov iav microspheres uas tsim los ntawm kev dag, uas nws lub zog, qhov ceev, thiab lwm yam khoom siv physicochemical tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho cov txheej txheem thiab cov qauv khoom siv raw. Txawm hais tias kim dua, lawv muaj ntau yam kev siv.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Hollow Glass Microspheres

Daim ntawv thov dav dav ntawm cov iav microspheres hollow hauv cov khoom khov kho yog qhov tsis sib cais los ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv zoo heev.

①Cov iav microspheres hollowmuaj cov qauv sab hauv uas khoob, ua rau lub cev sib dua, qhov ceev tsawg, thiab qhov ua tau zoo thermal conductivity tsawg. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog txo qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw xwb tab sis kuj muab rau lawv nrog kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal zoo heev, rwb thaiv suab, rwb thaiv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv optical.

② Cov iav microspheres hollow yog spherical nyob rau hauv cov duab, muaj qhov zoo ntawm porosity tsawg (zoo tagnrho filler) thiab tsawg polymer absorption los ntawm cov spheres, yog li muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau lub matrix lub flowability thiab viscosity. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau muaj kev faib tawm ntawm kev ntxhov siab tsim nyog hauv cov khoom sib xyaw, yog li txhim kho nws qhov hardness, stiffness, thiab dimensional stability.

③ Cov iav me me uas khoob muaj zog heev. Yeej, cov iav me me uas khoob yog cov iav nyias nyias, uas muaj iav ua lub plhaub tseem ceeb, thiab muaj zog heev. Qhov no ua rau cov khoom sib xyaw muaj zog dua thaum tseem tswj tau qhov ceev tsawg.

Cov Txheej Txheem Npaj ntawm Hollow Glass Microspheres
Muaj peb txoj kev npaj tseem ceeb:
① Txoj kev ua hmoov. Lub iav matrix yog thawj zaug pulverized, ib tug foaming neeg sawv cev yog ntxiv, thiab tom qab ntawd cov me me me no raug dhau los ntawm lub cub tawg kub siab. Thaum cov khoom me me mos lossis yaj, roj yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub iav. Thaum cov roj nthuav dav, cov khoom me me ua hollow spheres, uas tom qab ntawd tau sau los ntawm kev siv lub cyclone separator lossis lub hnab lim.

② Txoj kev Droplet. Ntawm qee qhov kub, cov tshuaj uas muaj cov khoom qis-melting-point raug tsuag-qhuav lossis cua sov hauv lub cub tawg ntsug kub siab, zoo li hauv kev npaj cov microspheres alkaline heev.

③ Txoj kev ua gel qhuav. Txoj kev no siv cov organic alkoxides ua cov khoom siv raw thiab muaj peb txoj kev ua: npaj cov gel qhuav, pulverizing, thiab foaming ntawm qhov kub siab. Tag nrho peb txoj kev muaj qee qhov tsis zoo: txoj kev hmoov tsim cov hlaws dai qis, txoj kev droplet tsim cov microspheres nrog lub zog tsis zoo, thiab txoj kev gel qhuav muaj cov nqi khoom siv raw siab.

Cov Khoom Siv Composite Hollow Iav Microsphere thiab Txoj Kev Sib Xyaws

Yuav ua kom muaj cov khoom siv buoyancy muaj zog nrogcov iav hollow microspheres, cov khoom siv matrix yuav tsum muaj cov khoom zoo heev, xws li qhov ceev tsawg, lub zog siab, viscosity qis, thiab lubricity zoo nrog cov microspheres. Cov khoom siv matrix siv tam sim no suav nrog epoxy resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, thiab silicone resin. Ntawm cov no, epoxy resin yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag vim nws lub zog siab, qhov ceev tsawg, kev nqus dej tsawg, thiab kev kho qis. Cov iav microspheres tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv matrix los ntawm cov txheej txheem molding xws li casting, vacuum impregnation, kua hloov molding, particle stacking, thiab compression molding. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum hais tias txhawm rau txhim kho qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov microspheres thiab matrix, qhov chaw ntawm cov microspheres kuj tseem yuav tsum tau hloov kho, yog li txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw.