Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev yaj iav

Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev yaj iav txuas ntxiv mus dhau theem yaj nws tus kheej, vim lawv raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xwm txheej ua ntej yaj xws li cov khoom siv raw zoo, kev kho thiab tswj cov cullet, cov khoom siv roj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub cub tawg, lub siab ntawm lub cub tawg, huab cua, thiab kev xaiv cov neeg sawv cev fining. Hauv qab no yog kev tshuaj xyuas ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov yam no:

ⅠKev Npaj Khoom Siv Raw thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo

1. Cov Tshuaj Lom Zem ntawm Batch

SiO₂ thiab Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv: Cov ntsiab lus ntawm SiO₂, Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov nrawm yaj. Cov ntsiab lus siab dua ua rau qhov kub yaj thiab kev siv zog ntau ntxiv.

Cov Alkali Hlau Oxides (piv txwv li, Na₂O, Li₂O): Txo qhov kub yaj. Li₂O, vim nws lub vojvoog me me thiab electronegativity siab, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm iav.

2. Kev Kho Mob Ua Ntej Ua Ntej

Kev Tswj Xyuas Dej Ntsws:

Cov dej noo zoo tshaj plaws (3% ~ 5%): Ua kom cov dej noo thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo dua, txo cov hmoov av thiab kev sib cais;

Dej ntau dhau: Ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev ntawm qhov hnyav thiab ua rau lub sijhawm ua kom tiav ntev dua.

Kev Faib Tawm Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Me Me:

Cov Khoom Sib Txawv Ntau Dhau: Txo thaj chaw sib cuag ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua kom lub sijhawm yaj ntev dua;

Cov Khoom Me Me Ntau Dhau: Ua rau muaj kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev nqus hluav taws xob, ua rau tsis sib xws yaj.

3. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cullet

Cullet yuav tsum huv, tsis muaj cov khoom tsis huv, thiab phim qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom siv raw tshiab kom tsis txhob muaj npuas lossis cov khoom seem tsis yaj.

Ⅱ. Tsim Lub Cub Hluav Taws Xobthiab Cov Khoom Siv Roj

1. Kev Xaiv Khoom Siv Refractory

Kev tiv thaiv kev yaig kub siab: cov cib zirconium siab thiab cov cib electrofused zirconium corundum (AZS) yuav tsum tau siv rau thaj chaw ntawm phab ntsa pas dej ua ke, hauv qab lub cub tawg thiab lwm qhov chaw uas kov cov kua iav, kom txo qis cov pob zeb tsis zoo los ntawm kev yaig tshuaj thiab kev txhuam.

Thermal stability: Tiv taus qhov kub hloov pauv thiab zam kev tawg vim yog thermal shock.

2. Kev Siv Roj Thiab Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Zoo

Tus nqi calorific roj thiab huab cua combustion (oxidizing/reducing) yuav tsum phim cov iav sib xyaw. Piv txwv li:

Cov Roj Ntuj/Roj Hnyav: Yuav tsum tau tswj qhov sib piv ntawm huab cua thiab roj kom meej kom tsis txhob muaj cov sulfide seem;

Kev Yaj Hluav Taws Xob: Haum rau kev yaj siab raug (piv txwv li,iav kho qhov muag) tab sis siv zog ntau dua.

IIIKev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Melting

1. Kev Tswj Kub

Kub Yaj (1450~1500℃): Qhov kub nce 1℃ tuaj yeem ua rau tus nqi yaj nce 1%, tab sis kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav nce ob npaug. Yuav tsum muaj kev sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv.

Kev Faib Kub: Kev tswj qhov sib txawv hauv thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm lub cub tawg (yaj, ua kom zoo, txias) yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub dhau lossis cov khoom seem tsis yaj.

2. Huab cua thiab Kev Nyuaj Siab

Huab Cua Oxidizing: Txhawb kev lwj ntawm cov organic tab sis yuav ua rau sulfide oxidation ntau ntxiv;

Txo Qhov Huab Cua: Txo cov xim Fe³+ (rau cov iav tsis muaj xim) tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov pa roj carbon;

Kev Ruaj Ntseg Siab ntawm Lub Cub Tawg: Qhov siab me ntsis zoo (+2 ~ 5 Pa) tiv thaiv cua txias nkag thiab ua kom cov npuas tawm.

3. Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Fining thiab Fluxes

Fluorides (piv txwv li, CaF₂): Txo qhov viscosity ntawm cov yaj thiab ua kom cov npuas tawm sai dua;

Nitrates (piv txwv li, NaNO₃): Tso cov pa oxygen los txhawb kev ua kom zoo oxidative;

Cov Fluxes Sib Xyaws**: piv txwv li, Li₂CO₃ + Na₂CO₃, qhov kub yaj qis dua synergistically.

ⅣKev Saib Xyuas Dynamic ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Melting

1. Kev yaj viscosity thiab fluidity

Kev saib xyuas tiag tiag siv cov viscometers tig los kho qhov kub lossis cov dej ntws rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws.

2. Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm Kev Tshem Tawm Npuas

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov npuas siv cov txheej txheem X-ray lossis kev thaij duab los ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj fining agent thiab lub zog ntawm lub cub tawg.

ⅤCov Teeb Meem Sib Xws thiab Cov Tswv Yim Txhim Kho

Xaus lus

Kev yaj iav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom siv, thiab cov txheej txheem. Nws yuav tsum tau tswj hwm kev tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg, kev ua kom zoo dua qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me, kev txhim kho cov khoom siv refractory, thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem dynamic. Los ntawm kev kho cov fluxes, kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw yaj (kub / siab / huab cua), thiab siv cov txheej txheem fining zoo, kev ua haujlwm yaj thiab qhov zoo ntawm iav tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo heev, thaum kev siv zog thiab cov nqi tsim khoom raug txo qis.