Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau cov iav melting txuas mus dhau lub melting theem nws tus kheej, raws li lawv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm pre-melting tej yam kev mob xws li raw khoom zoo, cullet kev kho mob thiab tswj, roj khoom, furnace refractory cov ntaub ntawv, furnace siab, cua, thiab xaiv cov fining agents. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov xwm txheej no:
Ⅰ. Raw Material Preparation thiab Quality Control
1. Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Batch
SiO₂ thiab Refractory Compounds: Cov ntsiab lus ntawm SiO₂, Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, thiab lwm yam refractory compounds ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub melting nqi. Cov ntsiab lus siab dua ua rau qhov xav tau melting kub thiab siv zog.
Alkali Hlau Oxides (piv txwv li, Na₂O, Li₂O): Txo qhov kub thiab txias. Li₂O, vim nws qhov me me ionic vojvoog thiab siab electronegativity, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev ntawm iav.
2. Kev kho mob ua ntej
Moisture Control:
Optimal Moisture (3% ~ 5%): Txhim kho qhov ntub dej thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txo cov plua plav thiab kev sib cais;
Cov dej noo ntau dhau: Ua rau qhov hnyav thiab ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev.
Particle Loj Distribution:
Ntau Coarse Particles: Txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cheeb tsam, ncua sij hawm melting;
Cov Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Ua rau agglomeration thiab electrostatic adsorption, inhibiting uniform melting.
3. Cullet Management
Cullet yuav tsum huv si, tsis muaj impurities, thiab phim qhov me me ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab kom tsis txhob nthuav tawm npuas lossis cov khoom seem uas tsis tau yaj.
Ⅱ. Rauv Designthiab Fuel Properties
1. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob
Kub-kub erosion kuj: siab zirconium cib thiab electrofused zirconium corundum cib (AZS) yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub pas dej ua ke phab ntsa, rauv hauv qab thiab lwm qhov chaw uas tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov iav kua, thiaj li yuav txo tau cov pob zeb tsis xws luag los ntawm chemical yaig thiab scouring.
Thermal stability: Tiv thaiv qhov kub hloov pauv thiab zam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov cuam tshuam vim thermal shock.
2. Roj thiab combustion efficiency
Roj calorific nqi thiab combustion huab cua (oxidizing/txo) yuav tsum phim cov iav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Piv txwv li:
Ntuj Roj / Roj Hmab: Yuav tsum tau tswj cov huab cua-roj piv txwv kom tsis txhob muaj sulfide residue;
Hluav taws xob Melting: Haum rau high-precision melting (xws li,iav optical) tab sis siv zog ntau dua.
Ⅲ. Melting Process Parameter Optimization
1. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias
Melting Temperature (1450 ~ 1500 ℃): Ib qho 1 ℃ nce hauv qhov kub tuaj yeem nce tus nqi melting los ntawm 1%, tab sis refractory erosion doubles. Yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom siv lub neej yog tsim nyog.
Kev faib hluav taws xob: Kev tswj tsis tu ncua hauv thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm lub qhov cub (melting, fining, cooling) yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov hauv zos lossis cov khoom seem uas tsis tau yaj.
2. Huab cua thiab siab
Oxidizing Atmosphere: Txhawb cov organic decomposition tab sis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog sulfide oxidation;
Txo cov cua sov: Tshem tawm Fe³ + xim (rau iav tsis muaj xim) tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov pa roj carbon deposition;
Lub cub tawg siab ruaj khov: me ntsis zoo siab (+ 2 ~ 5 Pa) tiv thaiv huab cua txias thiab ua kom cov npuas tshem tawm.
3.Fining Agents thiab Fluxes
Fluorides (piv txwv li, CaF₂): Txo cov viscosity yaj thiab ua kom cov npuas tshem tawm;
Nitrates (piv txwv li, NaNO₃): Tso oxygen los txhawb oxidative fining;
Composite Fluxes**: eg, Li₂CO₃ + Na₂CO₃, synergistically qis melting kub.
Ⅳ. Dynamic soj ntsuam ntawm cov txheej txheem Melting
1. Melt Viscosity thiab Fluidity
Kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag siv cov viscometers tig los kho qhov kub thiab txias qhov sib piv rau qhov ua kom pom kev zoo.
2. Ua npuas ncauj tshem tawm
Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov npuas xaim siv X-ray lossis cov duab kos duab los ua kom zoo dua tus neeg saib xyuas qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab.
Ⅴ. Cov Teeb Meem Zoo thiab Cov Tswv Yim Txhim Kho
| Teeb meem | Keeb kwm | Kev daws |
| Iav Pob Zeb (Unmelted Particles) | Coarse hais los yog sib tov tsis zoo | Optimize particle loj, txhim khu kev sib xyaw ua ntej |
| Residual npuas | Tsis txaus fining tus neeg saib xyuas los yog siab hloov pauv | Ua kom cov tshuaj fluoride ntxiv, stabilize rauv siab |
| Hnyav Refractory Erosion | Kub dhau los yog cov khoom siv tsis sib xws | Siv high-zirconia bricks, txo qhov kub thiab txias gradients |
| Streaks thiab Defects | Tsis txaus homogenization | Txuas lub sij hawm homogenization, optimize stirring |
Xaus
Iav melting yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv raw, khoom siv, thiab cov txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm. Nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg tsim, particle loj optimization, refractory khoom hloov khoom dua tshiab, thiab dynamic txheej txheem parameter tswj. Los ntawm kev kho cov fluxes, stabilizing lub melting ib puag ncig (kub / siab / atmosphere), thiab siv cov txheej txheem zoo fining, melting efficiency thiab iav zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo, thaum lub zog noj thiab cov nqi tsim khoom raug txo.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-14-2025
