Lub Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Silica (SiO2) hauv E-Glass

Silica (SiO2) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.E-iav, tsim lub hauv paus rau tag nrho nws cov khoom zoo heev. Hais yooj yim, silica yog "tus tsim network" lossis "pob txha" ntawm E-iav. Nws txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem raug faib ua pawg hauv qab no:

1. Kev Tsim Cov Qauv Iav Network (Lub Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb)

Qhov no yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm silica. Silica yog ib qho oxide uas ua rau iav. Nws cov SiO4 tetrahedra txuas nrog ib leeg los ntawm kev sib txuas cov pa oxygen, tsim cov qauv network peb-seem uas txuas ntxiv mus, ruaj khov, thiab random.

• Kev Piv Txwv:Qhov no zoo li lub cev pob txha hlau ntawm lub tsev uas tab tom tsim. Silica muab lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau tag nrho cov qauv iav, thaum lwm cov khoom (xws li calcium oxide, txhuas oxide, boron oxide, thiab lwm yam) yog cov ntaub ntawv uas sau lossis hloov kho lub cev pob txha no kom kho qhov kev ua tau zoo.
• Yog tsis muaj cov pob txha silica no, cov khoom siv khov kho tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau.

2. Kev Muab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Plaws ntawm Kev Rwb Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob

• Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob Siab:Silica nws tus kheej muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj ion txav mus los, thiab cov tshuaj sib txuas (Si-O daim ntawv cog lus) ruaj khov thiab muaj zog heev, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ionize. Lub network tas mus li nws tsim txwv tsis pub txav mus los ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob, muab E-iav siab heev ntim resistivity thiab nto resistivity.
• Tsis tshua muaj Dielectric tas mus li thiab tsis tshua muaj Dielectric poob:Cov khoom dielectric ntawm E-iav ruaj khov heev ntawm cov zaus siab thiab qhov kub siab. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov sib npaug thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv SiO2 network, uas ua rau muaj qib qis ntawm polarization thiab tsawg kawg nkaus poob zog (hloov mus rau cua sov) hauv lub zog hluav taws xob siab. Qhov no ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev siv ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa hauv cov laug cam hluav taws xob (PCBs) thiab cov insulators siab.

3. Xyuas kom meej tias tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov zoo

E-iav ua pov thawj zoo heev rau dej, kua qaub (tshwj tsis yog hydrofluoric thiab kub phosphoric acid), thiab tshuaj lom neeg.

• Qhov Chaw Inert:Lub network Si-O-Si ntom ntom muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg tsawg heev thiab tsis yooj yim cuam tshuam nrog dej lossis H + ions. Yog li ntawd, nws txoj kev tiv thaiv hydrolysis thiab kev tiv thaiv acid yog qhov zoo heev. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj E-iav fiber txhawb nqa lawv cov kev ua tau zoo mus sij hawm ntev, txawm tias nyob hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig hnyav.

4. Kev Pab Txhawb Rau Lub Zog Siab

Txawm hais tias lub zog kawg ntawmcov iav fiberkuj tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov yam xws li qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov kab nrib pleb me me, lawv lub zog theoretical feem ntau yog los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas Si-O muaj zog thiab cov qauv network peb-seem.

• Lub Zog Sib Koom Siab:Lub zog sib txuas ntawm Si-O daim ntawv cog lus siab heev, uas ua rau lub cev pob txha iav nws tus kheej muaj zog heev, muab cov fiber nrog lub zog tensile siab thiab elastic modulus.

5. Muab Cov Khoom Siv Thermal Zoo Tshaj Plaws

• Cov Coefficient Kev Nthuav Dav Thermal Qis:Silica nws tus kheej muaj qhov coefficient qis heev ntawm kev nthuav dav thermal. Vim tias nws ua haujlwm ua lub cev pob txha tseem ceeb, E-iav kuj muaj qhov coefficient nthuav dav thermal qis. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws muaj kev ruaj khov zoo thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv kub thiab tsis tshua muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau vim yog kev nthuav dav thermal thiab kev cog lus.
• Qhov Chaw Mos Siab:Silica lub melting point siab heev (kwv yees li 1723∘C). Txawm hais tias ntxiv lwm cov fluxing oxides txo qhov kub melting kawg ntawm E-iav, nws lub SiO2 core tseem ua kom lub iav muaj qhov softening point siab txaus thiab thermal stability kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm feem ntau daim ntawv thov.

Hauv ib qho kev coj uaE-iavcov khoom sib xyaw, cov ntsiab lus silica feem ntau yog 52% − 56% (los ntawm qhov hnyav), ua rau nws yog cov khoom oxide loj tshaj plaws. Nws txhais cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav.

Kev Faib Haujlwm ntawm Cov Oxides hauv E-Iav:

• SiO2(Silica): Lub cev pob txha tseem ceeb; muab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv, kev rwb thaiv hluav taws xob, kev ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lub zog.
• Al2​O3(Alumina): Tus pabcuam network qub thiab stabilizer; ua rau kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, lub zog kho tshuab, thiab txo qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv.
• B2​O3(Boron Oxide): Flux thiab cov khoom hloov kho; txo qhov kub yaj (txuag hluav taws xob) thaum txhim kho cov khoom siv thermal thiab hluav taws xob.
• CaO/MgO(Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide): Flux thiab stabilizerpab yaj thiab kho cov tshuaj lom neeg lub zog thiab cov khoom devitrification.